Tensile springs: what are the usual spring materials?
1, carbon spring steel
This tensile spring (for example, 65 and 70 steel etc.) has the advantage of low price, convenient raw material source, and the disadvantage is that the elastic limit is low, and it is easy to lose elasticity after repeated deformation, and it can't work normally at 130 degree temperature.
2, low manganese spring steel
This spring steel (such as 65Mn) has the advantages of better hardenability and higher strength compared with carbon spring steel; the disadvantage is that it is easy to produce crack and thermal brittleness after quenching. But because the price is cheap, it is usually used to manufacture the spring, such as the clutch spring, and so on.
3, Si Mn spring steel
Because silicon is added to this steel (for example, 60Si2Mn), it can significantly improve the elastic limit and improve the tempering stability, so that it can be tempered at higher temperature, resulting in good mechanical properties. Si Mn spring steel has been widely used in industry, commonly used in the manufacture of automobiles, tractors and other spiral spring.
4, chrome vanadium steel
The purpose of adding vanadium in this steel (such as 50CrVA) is to refine the structure and improve the strength and toughness of the steel. This material has good milk fatigue and impact resistance, and can work reliably at a temperature of -40 - 210 degrees, but the price is more expensive. Used in more demanding occasions, as in the manufacture of a spring in an aeroengine adjustment system.
When selecting materials, we should consider the usage, importance and usage conditions of tensile springs (including load properties, size and cycle characteristics, working duration, working temperature and surrounding medium conditions), processing, heat treatment and economy. At the same time, we should also refer to the tensile springs used in the existing equipment, and choose to make more suitable materials.